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Study Guide 5- chapter 2A

Page history last edited by Jorge Giraldo 13 years, 5 months ago

UNION ACADEMY 

Spanish – Giraldo

Study guide 5

 

Subject pronouns

The subject of a sentence tells who is doing the action. You often use people’s names as the subject:

 

Example:

 

Gregorio escucha música.           Gregory listens to music.

Ana canta y baila.                          Ana sings and dances.

 

You also use subject pronouns (I, you, he, she, we, they) to tell who is doing an action. The subject pronouns replace people’s names:

 

Él escucha música.                        He listens to music.

Ella canta y baila.                          She sings and dances.

 

Here are all the subject pronouns in Spanish:

 

yo I

 

nosotros we (masc., masc./fem.)

 

nosotras we (fem.)

 

you (familiar) you (masc., masc./fem.) you (fem.)

 

usted (Ud.) you (formal) you (formal)

 

él he

 

ellos they (masc., masc./fem.)

 

ella she

 

ellas they (fem.)

 

ustedes (Uds.) you (formal)

 

 

 

Tú, usted, ustedes, and vosotros(as) all mean “you.”

• Use with family, friends, people your age or younger, and anyone you call by his or her first name.

• Use usted with adults you address with a title, such as señor, señora, profesor(a), etc. Usted is usually written as Ud.

• In Latin America, use ustedes when speaking to two or more people, regardless of age. Ustedes is usually written as Uds.

• In Spain, use vosotros(as) when speaking to two or more people you call individually: + = vosotros(as). Use ustedes when talking to two or more people you call usted individually.If a group is made up of males only or of both males and femalestogether, use the masculine forms: nosotros, vosotros, ellos.

 

If a group is all females, use the feminine forms:

nosotras, vosotras, ellas.

 

You can combine a subject pronoun and a name to form a subject.

Alejandro y yo =

nosotros Pepe y tú = ustedes

Carlos y ella = ellos

Lola y ella = ellas

Gramática

GramActivaVIDEO

Want more help

with subject pronouns?

Watch the

GramActiva video on our website.

 

 

ctice and

 

 

Present tense of -ar verbs

 

 

You already know that the infinitive forms of Spanish verbs always end in -ar, -er, or -ir. The largest group of verbs end in -ar. Hablar is one of these -ar verbs.

You will want to use verbs in ways other than in the infinitive form. To do this, you

will drop the -ar ending and make changes.

To create the forms of most -ar verbs, you first drop the -ar from the infinitive, leaving the stem:

 

hablar habl-

 

Then you add the verb endings -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, or -an to the stem.

 

Here are the forms of hablar:

 

In Spanish, the present tense form of a verb can be translated into English in two ways: Hablo español. I speak Spanish. I am speaking Spanish.

 

The verb endings always indicate who is doing the action. In this case, they tell who is speaking. Because of this, you can often use the verb without a subject:

 

Hablo inglés. ¿Hablas español?

Subject pronouns are often used for emphasis or clarification.

 

Ella habla inglés pero él habla español

 

 

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